![\"Hand-drawn](\"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/dfd-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues-infographic-hand-drawn.jpg\"\/)
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5.<\/p>\n
Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:<\/strong>Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n\n- \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:<\/strong>L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6<\/h2>\n
DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/h3>\n\n- Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d).<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:<\/strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3<\/h3>\n\n- Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Logic:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n\n- \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:<\/strong>L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6<\/h2>\n
DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/h3>\n\n- Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d).<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:<\/strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3<\/h3>\n\n- Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Logic:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
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X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","og_description":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6<\/h2>\n
DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch<\/h3>\n\n- Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d).<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:<\/strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3<\/h3>\n\n- Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Logic:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3<\/h3>\n\n- Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Logic:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:<\/strong>C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU.<\/li>\n
- M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p<\/h3>\n\n- Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh K\u1ebft Th\u00fac:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tho\u00e1t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong logic qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- X\u00e1c minh Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
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X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","og_description":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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4. S\u1ef1 M\u1eadp m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Entiti B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i: Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0110\u1ea7u ra \ud83d\udce5\ud83d\udce4<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, hay c\u1ea3 hai? S\u1ef1 m\u1eadp m\u1edd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng Sai L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n\n- L\u1ed7i Hai Chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n
- Vi ph\u1ea1m Ranh Gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
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Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ecdi m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay \u0111\u1ea7u ra.<\/p>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5<\/h3>\n\n- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xem th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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5. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o – \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u2696\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt”, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n\n- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0o r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ed7i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong> D\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
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X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","og_description":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n
- Quy t\u1eafc x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
- T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[77,83],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dfd","tag-academic","tag-dfd"],"yoast_head":"\n
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X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","og_description":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/03\/dfd-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues-infographic-hand-drawn.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2026\/03\/dfd-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues-infographic-hand-drawn.jpg","width":1664,"height":928},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/why-your-dfd-is-failing-troubleshooting-5-hidden-issues\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/","name":"Diagrams AI Vietnamese","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/ecc36153eaeb4aeaf895589c93d5de12","name":"vpadmin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56e0eb902506d9cea7c7e209205383146b8e81c0ef2eff693d9d5e0276b3d7e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56e0eb902506d9cea7c7e209205383146b8e81c0ef2eff693d9d5e0276b3d7e3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"vpadmin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/author\/vpadmin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4120"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4120\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a DFD \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. G\u1eedi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DFD v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\n\n\nLo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nS\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nL\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nV\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nS\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n
Khi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
\n- L\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng sai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
- Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
- \u0110i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n
- V\u01b0\u1ee3t chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n
Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh, chu tr\u00ecnh lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay h\u00f4m nay. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo n\u0103m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. \ud83d\uded1 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u0103m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. 1. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \ud83d\uddc4\ufe0f M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec DFD l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu DFD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt song song, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m r\u00f5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u L\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh:C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eeba d\u01b0:Nhi\u1ec1u kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong DFD \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c logic \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u00c1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho ch\u00ednh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3:L\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 2. L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quy tr\u00ecnh: B\u1eaby h\u1ed9p \u0111en \ud83d\udce6 DFD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ed9p \u0111en’ che khu\u1ea5t logic quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:Nh\u00e3n quy tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d thay v\u00ec \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ebb, N\u1ea1p t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n\u201d). Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra:M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh con. \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua t\u1eebng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp logic. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh cha. C\u00e1c Th\u1ef1c Ti\u1ec5n T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho Ph\u00e2n R\u00e3 Nh\u00e3n \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1eeb – Danh T\u1eeb:\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9:Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. X\u00e1c minh Logic:X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. 3. V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u: V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p V\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong Logic \ud83d\udd04 Trong m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c k\u1eb9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i logic trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a D\u00f2ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u1ecb Treo:C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9n. C\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec7t T\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean:X\u1eed l\u00fd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ebd ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 CPU. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn Logic:C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ph\u00e1 V\u1ee1 V\u00f2ng L\u1eb7p Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n:Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4121,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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T\u1ea1i sao DFD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: X\u1eed l\u00fd 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u \ud83d\udd0d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 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So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DFD v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
| Lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\n | Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n | Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n |
|---|---|---|
| S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n | S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3<\/td>\n | B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
| L\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3<\/td>\n | Logic h\u1ed9p \u0111en<\/td>\n | G\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb-danh t\u1eeb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
| V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n | V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n | Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
| S\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/td>\n | S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi<\/td>\n | T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
| B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n | Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td>\n | Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a k\u00e9m \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\nKhi m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n
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