{"id":4056,"date":"2026-03-29T10:15:49","date_gmt":"2026-03-29T10:15:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/hidden-nuances-engineering-retrospectives\/"},"modified":"2026-03-29T10:15:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-29T10:15:49","slug":"hidden-nuances-engineering-retrospectives","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diagrams-ai.com\/vn\/hidden-nuances-engineering-retrospectives\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o s\u00e2u: Nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhanh ch\u00f3ng, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t sprint, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t \u00f4, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1ecf qua ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 duy. Ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn xa h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp mang t\u00ednh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

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\"Sketch-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f C\u00e1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng: An to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng hay gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh. An to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ni\u1ec1m tin chung r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 an to\u00e0n khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro trong giao ti\u1ebfp. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

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  • Ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1ea5u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i:<\/strong> Khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eadt t\u1eaft. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh vi nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n khi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n thay v\u00ec ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. Khi m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong pipeline x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tri\u1ec3n khai, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ai \u0111\u01b0a ra.<\/p>\n

    \u23f1\ufe0f C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng th\u1eddi gian. L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ebd sinh ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian trong ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

    1. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian<\/h3>\n

    M\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t sprint hai tu\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee3t sprint c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, h\u00e3y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee3t sprint di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian. Quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0: th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

    2. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdp<\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1eebng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ‘\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ed1t?’ \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng r\u1ed3i gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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    • Xem x\u00e9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
    • Thu th\u1eadp quan s\u00e1t:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y d\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00f4 s\u01a1.<\/li>\n
    • Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> Gom c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5:<\/strong> Khai th\u00e1c s\u00e2u ba ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
    • L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \ud83e\udde0 C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u<\/h2>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9c tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

      K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 1: Con thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m<\/h3>\n

      \u1ea8n d\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n

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      • Gi\u00f3:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc?<\/li>\n
      • Neo:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i?<\/li>\n
      • \u0110\u1ea3o:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n
      • \u0110\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m:<\/strong>Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 2: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

        \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00ec l\u00fd do r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/strong>Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n
        • D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i:<\/strong>Nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta?<\/li>\n
        • Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c:<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 3: N\u0103m l\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi V\u00ec sao<\/h3>\n

          Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi ‘V\u00ec sao?’ n\u0103m l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thay v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ‘x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1eadm’, l\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi ‘V\u00ec sao’ \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ‘qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed’. L\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi ‘V\u00ec sao’ th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ‘ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n song song’. L\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi ‘V\u00ec sao’ th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ‘thi\u1ebfu tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cho ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed’. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

          \ud83d\ude80 T\u1eeb th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n

          Sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i sau. \u0110\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, r\u1ed3i quay l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ‘m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft’, khi \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m ng\u1eebng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

          Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed7i m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n:<\/strong>Ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n
          • Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh:<\/strong>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 \u201cn\u00e2ng cao giao ti\u1ebfp\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cs\u1eeda l\u1ed7i pipeline\u201d. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201cThi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho l\u1ed7i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cL\u00ean l\u1ecbch h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 30 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 Ba l\u00fac 10 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

            C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf theo d\u00f5i<\/h3>\n

            C\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ghi ch\u00fa cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o v\u00e9 cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00f3m. T\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/caption>\n
            Sai l\u1ea7m<\/th>\nH\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/th>\nS\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nGiao m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/td>\nTh\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/td>\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i<\/td>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 1-3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            \ud83d\udd17 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/h2>\n

            C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i chung th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Bu\u1ed5i r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

            T\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n

            N\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. Bu\u1ed5i r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft th\u00eam b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a CI\/CD.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • N\u1ee3 vs. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng:<\/strong>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec so v\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu nh\u00f3m d\u00e0nh 80% th\u1eddi gian cho n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n
            • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111ang g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Definition of Done).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 phong c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u00f3m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1eabu \u0111\u00f3 mang r\u1ee7i ro. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 (linting) g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

              \ud83d\udcca \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n

              L\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? R\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thao t\u00fang. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>Li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
              • C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n:<\/strong>Li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
              • T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ngay \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp. Theo d\u00f5i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n
              • T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong>Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \ud83e\udd10 X\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 im l\u1eb7ng<\/h2>\n

                Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u1ed3n \u00e0o. \u0110\u00f4i khi, im l\u1eb7ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu ph\u00f2ng im l\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1eebng v\u1ed9i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gian. H\u00e3y cho th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu im l\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1edd \u01a1.<\/p>\n

                Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 tham gia<\/h3>\n

                Khi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia gi\u1ea3m, h\u00e3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>Cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi 5 ph\u00fat im l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i suy ngh\u0129 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chia s\u1ebb.<\/li>\n
                • C\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i:<\/strong>Cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m.<\/li>\n
                • Nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u \u1ea9n danh:<\/strong>Cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i g\u1eedi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi t\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \ud83d\uded1 C\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n

                  Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1edbm l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/caption>\n
                  Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/th>\nM\u1eabu h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                  T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/td>\nG\u00e1n l\u1ed7i cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00ec sai s\u00f3t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 3<\/td>\nLi\u1ec7t k\u00ea 10 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i<\/td>\nQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u00f4n d\u1eabn d\u1eaft cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/td>\nB\u1ecf qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, nh\u1ea3y th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i m\u1edbi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  K\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd<\/td>\nTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \ud83d\udd04 V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n

                  Phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho chu k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp theo. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn, phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch sprint ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00ean d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed1i th\u1eddi gian t\u1eadp trung h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c \u0111ang g\u00e2y ra tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, phi\u00ean l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp s\u1edbm h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

                  S\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

                  \ud83c\udf31 Nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n

                  Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m; m\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n

                  B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch coi phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1eadt, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng linh ho\u1ea1t, v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thay v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

                  B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00f3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00edch l\u0169y theo th\u1eddi gian. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhanh ch\u00f3ng, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t sprint, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t \u00f4, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1ecf qua ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 duy. Ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn xa h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp mang t\u00ednh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f C\u00e1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng: An to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng hay gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh. An to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ni\u1ec1m tin chung r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 an to\u00e0n khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro trong giao ti\u1ebfp. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t. Ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n: N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1ea5u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i: Khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o: N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eadt t\u1eaft. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh vi nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n khi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n thay v\u00ec ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. Khi m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong pipeline x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tri\u1ec3n khai, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ai \u0111\u01b0a ra. \u23f1\ufe0f C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng th\u1eddi gian. L\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ebd sinh ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian trong ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i. 1. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian M\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t sprint hai tu\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee3t sprint c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u1edbn, h\u00e3y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee3t sprint di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian. Quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0: th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. 2. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdp \u0110\u1eebng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ‘\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ed1t?’ \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng r\u1ed3i gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa n\u00f3. Xem x\u00e9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Thu th\u1eadp quan s\u00e1t: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y d\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00f4 s\u01a1. Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Gom c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5: Khai th\u00e1c s\u00e2u ba ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: Ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \ud83e\udde0 C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9c tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 1: Con thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m \u1ea8n d\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m. Gi\u00f3:\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc? Neo:\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i? \u0110\u1ea3o:\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m:Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i? K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 2: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00ec l\u00fd do r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u:Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi n\u00e0o? D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i:Nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta? Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c:\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec? K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 3: N\u0103m l\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi V\u00ec sao Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi ‘V\u00ec<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4057,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong phi\u00ean t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. 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