S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML 2 \u2013 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a UML
\n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong UML: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau khi nh\u00ecn s\u01a1 qua, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t tinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o so s\u00e1nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y. UML (Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t): Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c quan chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. L\u1edbp: M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ban \u0111\u1ea7u (thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh) v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c) m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: M\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1edbp. G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u0129nh: \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n). G\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y, ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u \u0110\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o UML, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 hai s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng. 1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a UML. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: L\u1edbp: C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng). Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c:D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0m b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7: C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a (k\u1ebf th\u1eeba), ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t-\u0111a). C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea5p cao. T\u1ea1o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:Ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o cho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u0129nh. 2. B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ngB\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9tb\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p nhanhc\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang mang t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 John:Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng#123:\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng). Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh:D\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 status = ‘\u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi’). C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i:tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong l\u00fac x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Minh h\u1ecda t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng:hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhau trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: T\u1eeb b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9nbao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t Xe h\u01a1iv\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng A: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp (B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd) Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc. B\u1ea1n n\u00eau r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t Xe h\u01a1ith\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. T\u00ean l\u1edbp: Xe h\u01a1i Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh: m\u00e0u s\u1eafc: Chu\u1ed7i, m\u1eabu: Chu\u1ed7i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c: ch\u1ea1y(), phanh() M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7: A Xe h\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 1-1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng B: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf) \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y. T\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: myTesla: Xe h\u01a1i Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i\/Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb: m\u00e0u s\u1eafc = “\u0110\u1ecf” m\u1eabu = “Model S” \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft: engine_v9: \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o? Bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u1ea5p cao. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp Khi: L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khung x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a API: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c module kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhau. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi: G\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong UML: C\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"N\u1eafm v\u1eefng UML b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng so v\u1edbi g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 AI.","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/img_650173b5e9772.png","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[56],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml"],"yoast_head":"\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp so v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong UML: C\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"N\u1eafm v\u1eefng UML b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 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1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp<\/span><\/p>\n![\"UML](\"https:\/\/cdn-images.visual-paradigm.com\/guide\/uml\/uml-class-diagram-tutorial\/18-uml-class-diagram-example-gui.png\" "\\"UML")
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